The Maximum Number Of Fish In A 10 Gallon Aquarium

In reverse flow, a pre-filtered powerhead pumps water down the lift tube and under the filter plate where it can radiate up through the gravel bed. Reverse flow undergravel filters are just as biologically efficient as conventional ones, but some aquarists believe that the substrate is kept cleaner because the flow of water is constantly lifting dirt off of the gravel and up into th

Keep water shielded and away from your chiller. If you touch anything around your mechanicals and controllers, keep your darned hands out of the system. Emphatic enough?

Livestock:

May be collected (check with local law/Fish and Game re licensing/restrictions) or purchased direct from dealers or mail order. Acclimation is ideally the same as for tropicals; dips/baths at least, quarantine at best. Beware of fast changes in temperature, anything more than 5 degrees F. in collecting, moving temperate livestock.

Biological disease is rarely a problem w

As such, they can be made smaller to handle the same bio-load, and are indeed space saving. As submerged media, however, they are wholly dependant on the flow of water to bring food and oxygen to them. In some ways, they compete with livestock (for oxygen) and can contribute deleteriously to water quality if overfed (fast nitrate accumulation). In the event of a power or system failure, this submerged media is vulnerable as it settles and suffocates its tremendous colony of aerobic bacteria. At

He freely admits, that although he has had no problems with this arrangement, if he were to do it again, he would only place substrate in the fronts leaving the floor bare under the rock.

On Learning About Aquarium Husbandry: Tom tells it best: "I learned early on that the best teacher is experience. I got a lot of silly advice from people who had NO idea what they were talking about. My first encounter with a sales person at a LFS led me to believe that you needed TWO mushrooms, a male and a female, in order for them to reproduce!!! Thankfully, there were a couple of salespeople in a more reputable

.. no detectable ammonia, nitrites; low nitrates (less than 10ppm), low phosphate (PO4, less than 0.05 mg/l), high redox (up to 425), elevated calcium (ideally 400-475 mg/l), pH 8.0-8.4, alkalinity 2.5-5 meq/l, near-saturation oxygen (generally about 7 mg/l)...

Here is a brief review of filtration types employed for reef use, with my comments on their suitability, and current

Fish Out of Water
Although Boni Comandante Jr.’s technique is intended to ship fish used for food, the idea of putting fish to 'sleep' and then transporting them without water is an interesting one.....