Aquarium Pumps

Initially (1) there is no ammonia in a new system. With time going by, addition of exogenous ammonia, a bit of food, some live rock... ammonia accumulates and populations of chemo-autotrophic bacteria that can utilize it as well. As these first ammonia-utilizing micro-organisms increase in number, their by-product of nitrite (2) begins to accumulate triggering the beginning of a second group of species of nitrifying bacteria (3) that begin to populate the aquarium, converting the nitrite in

with or without a source of beneficial microbes, C) And/or some "food" as a source of decomposing ammonia to instigate bacterial immobilization.

At point "2" enough ammonia is being converted by bacteria that have been intentionally or accidentally introduced to the system to detect the presence of the nitrification product, nitrite. Point "3" denotes the beginning of Nitrobacter activity with "4" marking the detectabl

Approximately ten percent of those "aquarium aquarists" are marine types, so were now down to one percent of the total. The various sub-specialties of marine aquarium keeping are probably like those of freshwater; most are fishes-only set-ups, some with added invertebrates, grading into "true" reef systems of one sort and another. Thus our order of presenting the set-up of all these different and increasingly more "demanding, or difficult" arrangements.

Most aquarists Ive met who have "been the

Based on our experience, some of these species should not even be kept by public aquaria. Yet we have observed them wasting away, under so-called "expert" care, in public aquariums across the United States.

If a public aquarium, with all its knowledge and vast resources, cannot maintain a particular

Some fish that shoal (school) together in the wild, will not live for a long time if they are not kept with large numbers of the same species (There are however, a large number of shoaling fish that will do well if kept by themselves). Some species weve listed may be particularly sensitive to cert

New Corycat Group

elpono_njg posted a new topic:

Come one and all, your corycat pics here...

www.flickr.com/groups/corydoras/

.

phosphates too high
hello again- Well my 90 gallon predator/reef tank has been up in running for about 7 months. Everything is running smoothly so far- water parameters are nitrate > 20 ppm, nitrite 0ppm, ammonia 0 ppm, pH 8.2, salinity 1.025, but phosphates are way to high it's about 5 ppm. For the past two weeks....

Common Cichlid Diseases
Like all fish kept in tanks, Cichlids are prone to disease. The artificial environment and closed system are the perfect breeding grounds for pathogens and parasites. Of course, wild fish get diseases, but these go unseen by everyone but fishermen and wildlife biologists. The best cure is always ....

Help Please..
I have to be out by the first any help would be appreciated...as i am one handed moving is difficult.. I am moving out of Pablo into ronan.. anytime this week would be great... let me know thx..