Aquarium Freshwater Plants

Glass (fused bead) types are superior in that they produce bubbles of uniform size (optimum is about 1 mm in diameter), do not clog easily, may be readily cleaned and re-used and dont break. Ceramic/sand, plastic wand varieties are worse for the opposite reasons.

Regarding "wood" mechanical diffusers; these are suitable for air-driven protein skimmers only; the fine bubbles they produce for a while are dangerous to livestock, known to cause embolism and other environmental gas- diseases. My strong recommendation is to utilize a separate dedicat

We change the bulbs, and the animals and algae spring back to life! That simply doesnt happen as often in the reef aquariums we maintain which use metal halide and/or Power Compact lamps. Therefore, for reef aquariums that employ VHO lamps, we recommend changing these bulbs two to three times a year in order to maintain the overall health of the environment.

The other problem we have encountered with VHO lighting is that for some

Their reasons? They worked. Not much was commonly known as to why. Now we "know" that the aforementioned beneficial bacteria thrive in such settings with their chemical food (ammonia, nitrite, oxygen, and CO2 as a source of carbon) flowing oh-so conveniently by the nooks and crannies living space provided by the "holey" substrate.

Even today, with the advent of macro-algae, reef, "Berlin" and other "live-rock" systems in use providing the same habitat, circulation and buffering advantages, undergravel filtration remains the predominant method of

Be patient.

Best to set your system up with just freshwater, attach the various mechanicals (filter, aeration, circulation, heating, lighting gear) and test all for a day or so to make sure you have everything, and that it works Assured, go ahead and add the su

A good stop-gap measure, but not a long-term solution. You want to find the root cause/s of the problem and solve them.

Adding More Beneficial Microbes: Can be done by placing more cured live rock, and/or clean "old" substrate or filter media, or cycling products.

Adding Bio-Absorbers: Macro-Algae are probably the best known forms of photosynthetic life that can be added safely to help "take up" ammonia, nitrite. Caulerpa and Halimeda spp. in particular are good for this purpose.

Chemical Filtrants: Exist for removing amm

Reply to Need more fishy advice please

mrbigmuscles posted a reply:

In regards to what "Funfishtank" has to say, I disagree. Whether you cycle fishy or fishless does not affect how many fish you can add at once .

I've got a question about movies.
Going to go see snakes on a plane with my brother. Just wanting to know if you are allowed to go see R movies if your 17? I know it says Under 17 can't go see the movie unless you have an adult with you. DOes that mean 17 and under or just everyone under 17? Thanks.

A living background in the aquarium

java moss

Java Moss : Vesicularia dubyana

The aquarium background is one of the most challenging decorations to create or buy, when properly setup it has both an aesthetic and a fu.