Windows Plus Aquarium Screensaver Fish

Nitrification occurs principally through bacteria (e.g. Nitrosomonas) metabolizing ammonia to nitrites (NO2-) and other groups (e.g. Nitrobacter) in turn converting nitrites to nitrates (NO3-). Lets look at this in another way (refer to Figure 3); an "idealized" time line for establishing nitrogen cycling in a new marine aquarium:

At mark "0" youve just set up your system and placed all new (read that as sterile) marine water (synthetic). In most cases, the hobbyist will shortly thereafter ("1") introduce either A) Some hardy (nitrogenous waste resistant) fishes, such as damsels to help "pop" t

If you want to have a long lived healthy fish, however this method of keeping him, is not recommended.

The ideal environment for a Siamese fighting fish, is a fish tank of 5 gallons or more with proper filtration and heating. In nature, this fish lives in very shallow water that has little movement. It is a tropical fish and likes water temperature to be in the high 70s. For the best health of your fish, keep the water heated to 78 degrees and use a gently filtration system that does not create any strong movement in the water.

As with any fish, the Betta will be in best health, if periodic wat

Well "Henry" decided that we would place the custom undergravel plates and gravel (2,000 pounds of washed #5 coral shell) into the tank without the above-proscribed test-fill. I can hear him now, "Oh Bob, dont worry, I tightened those plastic through hulls (in the bottom leading to and from the remoted filtration) just a smidgen with the channel-locks". Now, Dear Reader, you and I know better than to put a tool to a "hand-tighten only" fixture, a

Coupled with plenty of water changing, adequate lighting and low stocking density

Unfortunately nitrites are also quite toxic to animal life, but again, we are lucky that another set of beneficial microbes exist that readily convert nitrites to nitrates ("nigh" "traits"). As it turns out, accumulated nitrates are not nearly as toxic to marine (or freshwater, brackish) life as their precursor molecules. A good value to aim for is to try and keep your nitrates below 10 ppm, but fishes especially (compared with many invertebrates)

250W HQI (Double Ended) MH Retrofit Reflectors
I just got these in! I've been waiting to see them. They are very nice well built reflectors. Not flimsy at all. Vented, and they include a nice heavy glass shield. They are available in a 150w version also if there is interest? I dont have too many right now-I wanted to get a look at them....

Lake Malawi Cichlids Discovery and History
THE DISCOVERY OF LAKE MALAWI The Continent of Africa has always been hailed by Archaeologists and Anthropologists alike, as the birthplace of humanity. It was its’ vast natural resources, and wide varieties of fauna and flora that lured European explorers to its shores beginning in the early 17th Century..