Freshwater Aquarium Fish Species

There are many ways to achieve this mythical "high water quality". For folks fortunate by geography there are open systems, pumping new water from the sea and overflowing old to waste. For most all aquarists however, the sum total of what we do to preserve

..) as a waste by-product. This ammonia is discharged in various forms, leaked into the environment (water) as shown. Through aerobic processes, microbes of two different groups convert ammonia (ionized and not) to nitrite, and another group from nitrite to nitrates.

IMO Best To Not Methods of Establishing Nitrogen/Nutrient Cycling:

A full disc

The deep gravel bed also provides a home for burrowing motile invertebrates which feed on solid organic mulm and detritus. These burrowing animals, which are either purchased and/or cultivate on their own from live rock, serve to keep the plenum porous and aid in the slow movement of water through the system. "Burrowing" sea cucumbers that serve this function well may be purchased from a good aquarium store.

The aquarium is stocked with live rock, but not as much as is typically used. The live rock construct should be suspended above the gravel bed, allowing water to move freely

The second largest usually becomes the breeding male, while all the other fish remains juveniles and gender-neutral. If the breeding female disappears, the breeding male will change to a female, and so on. Buying an established pair maybe a reasonable way to go, but it is often better to have a group of juveniles growing up together. If you choose to buy a pair you should look for a pair that goes around together. Sometimes you can be luc

freshwater aquarium fish species

Filtration, en toto, embodies all you can do to mimic or even best "natural conditions": low organics, high oxygen tension, ready concentrations of necessary minerals and foods; non-linear, chaotic and robust water movement. All at the lowest cost , maintenance and potential for breakdown. What will be the next big improvement in reef filtration? Maybe youll be the design/engineer, or dreamer who comes up with it.

Mud sump
Hi, my husband is starting a new 170 gal tank with a 100 gal mud sump for me. Is it ok to take maybe a third of the mud from my 50 gal mud sump and use it like a sourdough starter? How long would it take for it to cycle? Thanks.

Daphnia For The Aquarium

Daphnia are a great food source for both young and adult aquarium fish, you could catch them with a net in a pond, but their's a risk of bringing in parasites. I just found an article about growing daphnia yourself, nice read for the real tinkers out there :-)

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Tank Setup Expenses
Hey I was wondering how much you have spent on setting up a FOWLR or a reef tank w/o the livestock? It would deeply be appreciated if you posted every single equipment and its cost. Thanks.