Aquarium Monterey Shark

The reasons for this are many. Most cultures are feeble, too dilute, and/or made up of inappropriate species of microbes. Way too many times, the hobbyist is to blame. They put the "bugs" in a chemically hostile, non-nutritive medium; or alternatively over-poison the water with an ammonia feeding stock. Watch out for these chemical solutions to "feed" your system; read and follow the directions provided to the "T"; the ammonia provided is concentrated.

The saddest thing about utilizing these commercially prepared cultures i

Foods made of proteins, which in actuality are composed of amino acids (note similarity in names amino and ammonia, amino acids are made up of chains of carbon, plus hydrogen, oxygen, sometimes sulfur joined to each other by amino bonds... the source of ammonia in catalysis, the breaking down of proteins at the molecular level) whose breakdown, re-building produces

Additional airstones, fluid-moving pumps are great at eliminating anaerobic zones, moving wastes to filters, and speedy processing/removal.

Aeration:

Likewise cannot be easily overdone. Beware of the dangers of too fine bubbles (smaller than 0.1 mm) by limiting their possible exposure within a contactor or skimmer.

Filter Basics:

Removing Organics.

in the form of nitrogenous wastes (ammonia, nitrites, nitrates), phenols, scatols and much more is the principal goal of filtrati

I have witnessed many set-ups that "got-along" with only an air or power-head driven under-gravel filter system, but I wouldnt go this route. True, the metabolism of all your livestock is greatly slowed at reduced temperature, but so is biological cycling. Use a vigorous power filter and protein skimmer.

Establishing nutrient cycling in cold water can be a long and arduous process; but not necessarily. My advice is to not

There are some amazingly knowledgeable people in the club who are very generous with their experience, their time and their talents. It really is an honor to learn from their wealth of experience in this hobby."

So, yes, given not so common sense, investigation and commitment, you too can have fabulous small reef systems. IMO, more people are likely to have more success starting off with larger systems, but I am very glad to count Tom Walsh as a mini-minireef success story and friend.

Reply to hi from discus breader in Portugal

Photography is a still of life posted a reply:

Hey
They are very interesting pictures that you have there. I am big fan of discuss fish, unfortunately there are no dealers who live near me and ihave to travel m.

Black Neon Tetra
Few things are as eye-catching as a large school of shimmering tetras. If you already have a school of Neon or Rummy Nose Tetras, consider adding Black Neons....

Angel fish

angel fish

Angel Fish Pterophyllum altum (back) & scalare (front)

After keeping and breeding Angel fish for a couple of years I decided to replace them for a group of discus fish, that was about 10 years ago. At.