Setting Up Plants In Tropical Aquarium

One note on their use though. If you decide to purchase one of these, be sure to account for any reductions in flow rate or down time due to powerhead cycling in your calculations for total circulation needs.

Their reasons? They worked. Not much was commonly known as to why. Now we "know" that the aforementioned beneficial bacteria thrive in such settings with their chemical food (ammonia, nitrite, oxygen, and CO2 as a source of carbon) flowing oh-so conveniently by the nooks and crannies living space provided by the "holey" substrate.

Even today, with the advent of macro-algae, reef, "Berlin" and other "live-rock" systems in use providing the same habitat, circulation and buffering advantages, undergravel filtration remains the predominant method of

setting up plants in tropical aquarium

Trickle-filters are one of the very best types of filtration for heavy bio-loads. There are numerous interpretations of the concept for large and small aquaria, indoor and outdoor applications alike. They offer an ideal combination of significant surface area for nitrifying biological faculties while exploiting the unlimited availability of oxygen (in atmospheric air) in the moist environment of the media chamber. Since the media is

The plenum method was discovered by Dr. Jean Jaubert and is often referred to as the Jaubert System. "Plenum" refers to an un-oxygenated layer of water trapped beneath a deep layer of gravel or sand at the bottom of an aquarium. This layer of water becomes anaerobic. Bacteria cultivate in this oxygen-free environment and remove nitrates from the aquarium. There are several variations of the plenum, depending on what literature you read.

The basic structure of the plenum system is essentially a deep (3" to 4") layer of gravel, suspended 1/2" to 1" above the bottom of an aquarium. It is usually recommended that very little

setting up plants in tropical aquarium

Testing your water (see below) the first days will show no ammonia present, but due to life going on in the water this material will soon show up. At some point, opportunistic bacteria species will gain in sufficient numbers to utilize this food source and convert it to nitrite (as shown on chart). At some point days to a few weeks later, the nitrite will inspire the growth of populations of other bacteria that convert the nitrite to nitrate. This la

phosphates too high
hello again- Well my 90 gallon predator/reef tank has been up in running for about 7 months. Everything is running smoothly so far- water parameters are nitrate > 20 ppm, nitrite 0ppm, ammonia 0 ppm, pH 8.2, salinity 1.025, but phosphates are wa.

Shelldweller from Lake Tanganyika

Lamprologus ocellatus

There are several species of shelldwellers in lake Tanganyika, but this one is definitely my favorite, Lamprolo.