Aquarium Circulation Pumps

will enter your system (mainly through the air). By using some, a mix, or all the methods mentioned above for introducing and boosting beneficial bacterial growth, you will realize a progression, growth of bacterial populations that will result in an increase at first of ammonia, then compounds called nitrites (made by bacteria converting, adding oxygen to ammonia), then in turn nitrates (made from further adding oxygen to the nitrites by another group of bacteria). This process of converting ammonia to nitrite to nitrate is termed nitrification. It is the principal way aquari

There is usually a control valve for regulating water flow. A check valve is usually placed on the filter intake to prevent the sand from packing-down when the filter is turned off.

Because water flows upward through the filter, the sand in the filter becomes suspended or "fluidized" in the water column, forming a fluidized bed of sand. If the flow of water is controlled properly, the sand does not flow out of the filter, but remains suspended. This happens because the flow of water is just fast enough to keep the sand in suspension. The weight of the sand prevents it from escaping the filter. Because the sand is suspended in wat

The stand upon which the tank sits is to be as close to perfectly level (planar) as possible with a tolerance of mere fractions of an inch (a few mm). Imbalanced tanks can place undue pressure on a side or seam and cause a leak. Irregular surfaces (knots, divots, fastener heads poking up, etc.) can cause pressure points and lead to a crack in the glass or acrylic. Likewise, the posts and pillars of the stand should make a large footprint to distribute the weight of the aquarium. Narrow legs or excessive shims c

If your pond is less than 18 inches deep, the fish may freeze during a harsh winter. Check with your local pond supplier if you live in an area with harsh winters.
Some water gardeners with shallow ponds attempt to keep their koi and goldfish in kiddie pools or aquariums set up in a cool basement or garage. This is not recommended because of the extra stress involved in netting, transporting, and re-acclimating the fish to the new e

Smaller fish are simply very young specimens that are going to grow. As they grow in the overstocked aquarium, one fish will die at a time, until the population balances out with the limits of the environment. Keeping more specimens together that STAY SMALL as adults may work, but it is impor

Shelldweller from Lake Tanganyika

Lamprologus ocellatus

There are several species of shelldwellers in lake Tanganyika, but this one is definitely my favorite, La.

Refugium reverse photo period, could it actually fuel daytime algae?
I was just reading some articles about PH and whatnot (Randy Holmes Farley stuff) and started to think about CO2. If algae gives off Co2 at night time when it isn't photosynthesizing, then the chaeto ball in my fuge is doing just that during .

Livestock List 8/22/06
*_Description Price ea._* Coral Beauty $26.00 Bicolor Mac::Fiji $21.99 Lemon Peel Angel $22.99 Purple Tang $59.99 Green Star Polyps $32.99 Black & White Percula $39.99 True Percula $17.99 Yellow Clown Goby $6.99.

DIY Hood and Canopy Projects
Getting tired of that old hood or canopy on your tank? Maybe you want to upgrade your lighting, but don't want to spend a lot of money. You....