Salt Water Aquarium Mum

The latest and greatest models are quiet, energy efficient and easy to use. If youre unfamiliar with their operation, ask your dealer to take one of each out of their box, review their instructions and peruse their elements. Most all are magnetic-drive pump powered with few moving parts. The fluid-moving mechanisms and filter media replacement should be known to you in terms of cost of operation, repair and replacement. There is a huge difference in the same lines by different manufacturers between efficiencies for intended sizes and types of systems.

Some aquarium manufacturers build tanks with a built-in wet-dry filter inside the tank against the back panel of the aquarium. These integrated filtration systems (IFS) work identically to the hang-on wet-dry filters, but have the advantage of having no siphon tubes or waterfall cups, so the look is cleaner.

Berlin Systems: A simple definition of a Berlin system is a wet-dry filter without the wet-dry chamber. These systems are designed without an

In general: the primary excretory product of fishes and invertebrates is ammonia (whether theyre fed or not). Were it not to dilution by water change, chemical filtrants and/or biological filtration ammonia would accumulate to toxic concentrations.

As the story goes ammonia is converted to nitrites by way of microbes, notably by Nitrosomonas bacteria. Nitrites are in turn changed into nitrates by other microbes, especially Nitrobacters. This assortment of populations takes a while to establish itself

A fish dies for no apparent reason, and the aquarium owner runs out and buys a replacement. A week or two passes, and another fish dies, and another replacement is purchased. This process may continue indefinitely, or until the aquarist runs out of money. It is always a good idea to determine why a fish died before replacing it. Oxygen test kits are available to determine if an aquarium has an oxygen deficit.

Adding air bubbles through an air pump to an aquarium does not

If properly designed and built tall enough, they have the ability to cultivate not only aerobic nitrifying bacteria, but also facultative anaerobic denitrifying bacteria. This means they may have the capability to remove not only ammonia and nitrite, but also nitrates. They usually consist of some type of column chamber which houses several cups or more of coarse sand or similar media. Water enters at the bottom of the filter and exits a

Reply to tips for aquarium shots?

Photography is a still of life posted a reply:

Id say a dark room, no flash, and a wide aperture. Try using different camera speeds if you have a manual setting on your camera.
Use a tripod or .

Fish Out of Water
Although Boni Comandante Jr.’s technique is intended to ship fish used for food, the idea of putting fish to 'sleep' and then transporting them without water is an interesting one.....

30g Oceanic Cubes - What Lights Do You Have?
Just wondering what lights folks are running on 30 or 50g Oceanic's? If you have pics, please post them. Thanks..